How to measure and calculate repeats

A difficult aspect of working with fabrics is how to calculate the fabric yardage needs. Whether it's on window treatments or on upholstered furniture, understanding how the fabric repeat effects the yardage required is paramount. Underestimating can mean not having enough fabric to do the job and over estimating can mean significant added expense. In fact, this is also true when working with wallpaper, although the calculations are different.

For those who don't know, the repeat is the size of the pattern as it appears once on a piece of fabric. This is measured vertically and horizontally. Many decorator fabric samples come with the repeats listed, especially if you're working with the fabric house or a decorator. However, when buying at retail, often the repeats are not referenced and you will need to measure yourself, or hope the sales person is able to provide the information.

It's really pretty easy. Spread out the fabric, making sure you have a large enough piece to see the full repeat and then some. Determine the pattern from side-to-side and from top-to-bottom. As you can see above, I have determined that the horizonal repeat runs across 3 flowers: 1 large and two smaller. Measuring from the center of the pattern, to the next time that same pattern appears, I have a measurement above of approximately 18.5" across (horizontally).

Do the same up-and-down and you have the vertical repeat, which is 11-3/4".

Often, when we are quoted yardage requirements for a particular application (furniture, window treatment) assume that if you have not provided the repeat information, then you are getting a quote for plain material that has no repeat. The chart below shows how much extra fabric is needed depending the repeat you are using.


So, for the fabric above that has a vertical repeat of 11-3/4" and a horizontal repeat of 18.5", your total repeat is 31" (rounding up). If you are told you need 10 yards of plain 54" fabric, then to use the fabric above, you will need to order an additional 25% or 12.5 total yards. Make sense?

So, why, you may ask, is the repeat so very important? Because, quality workmanship dictates that the pattern matches. This means that the flowers line up across seam lines and other breaks. If you notice, the damask pattern on the top of this upholstered headboard continues across the break of border to padded middle section. Without enough fabric, your upholsterer or seamstress is not able to match the patterns and the result will be amateurish.

A little tip when selecting fabric - the larger the repeat, the more fabric is required to do the job. Obviously, the more fabric you buy, the more you spend. So, if you are looking for a way to do a job in the most economical way, a smaller repeat will save money. This can really make a difference if your job takes 25 yards of fabric and your fabric is $100/yard or more. An additional 6 yards of fabric (25% of 25 yards) at $100/yard is an additional $600.00 you may or may not wish to spend.

In a followup post, we're going to talk about the placement of pattern. We're currently recovering a standard wing chair in a very cool batik fabric that has a bold pattern. How the fabric is placed will make the difference between blah and wow!

Media Talk: This Old House sneak peek

A couple of months ago we wrote about our participation in the currently filming This Old House Newton Project. Interior designer Abbey Koplovitz tapped Heller Furniture to build a custom banquette for the kitchen, plus some window seat and dining chair cushions. The filming has officially wrapped and we wanted to share the work we did on the project.

This is the banquette seat for the kitchen table. One thing about Victorian homes, there are lots of wonderful elements like window seats throughout. Walter Heller and Tommy Silva collaborated to create this unit, which is a functional yet elegant use of the space under the bay window which looks onto the wrap around porch.


In the dining room, designer Abbey K put together a beautiful mix of new and old, with hints of the Victorian - such as the beautiful tasseled drape - along with with more modern touches such as the grass cloth shades. The beautiful bench cushion adds a warm and inviting touch.

The French country style dining room chairs are topped with comfortable pads made specifically to fit the seats.


And sitting on the top of the house is the slightly mis-named "Man Cave". Misnamed only because the "Billiard Room" is filled with light and hardly a cave at all.



We were thrilled to take part in this project. The house was certainly beautiful to begin with, but the combined talents of the This Old House crew, designer Abbey K and homeowners Paul Friedberg and Maddy Krauss really came together to create a comfortable home for a contemporary family that still pays homage to the past. Bravo to all!


Click here to read homeowner Paul Friedberg's posts on Old House My House about this project.
Click here to read interior designer Abby Koplovitz's posts on her blog On Interior Design. She includes lots of before and after photos.
Click here to find out when This Old House is airing in your area.

And don't forget to check out an upcoming This Old House Magazine for more photos!

Photos by Linda Merrill for Heller Furniture.

Preserving History: A restoration story

The recent exhibition at Boston's Museum of Fine Arts "Napolean: Symbols of Power" got us to thinking about a restoration and reupholstery project we did last year for the Shirley-Eustis House Museum in Roxbury, MA.

These beautiful Empire era pieces were in desperate need of careful restoration and it was very important that any repair work be undertaken with the greatest thought and knowledge of historically accurate methods and techniques.

Once stripped, it became apparent that a previous upholsterer had altered the frame and harmed the structural integrity of the sofa.

The antique sofa from the Shirley Eustis House was originally constructed with three evenly spaced hardwood bars from side to side. These “stretchers” fastened the front of the frame to the back, providing stability and strength to the frame (see red arrows on Figure A). Next webbing was applied on top of the frame from front to back and woven through side to side. The next step was to cover the webbing with a layer of horsehair topped with a layer of cotton for padding and covered with fabric, creating the decking for a cushion. (See Figure B) Next a loose cushion was placed on top of the decking.

At some point in the past the sofa was reupholstered. Whoever performed the work cut the stretchers out, added wood to the underside of the frame (see green arrows on Figure A) to which was covered with webbing. Springs were used to form a fully upholstered seat, eliminating the cushion. This frame was not designed to handle springs, and the jerry-rigged method by which it was altered left the frame weak and subject to damage, which is exactly what happened.

Figure A

Figure B

Figure C

Walter, in consultation with furniture historian Edward S. Cooke, Jr., editor of Upholstery in America & Europe from the Seventeenth Century to World War I, (Norton, 1987) came up with the recommended repair work on this beautiful piece.

Stretchers were once again built into the seat and new wood was applied to the sides and back for structural integrity.

New webbing added to the seat and arms.

The seat and back are padded with cotton and horsehair, just as it would have been when new. A new cushion is made, also using cotton padding and horsehair.

The finished sofa - back where it belongs!

We want to thank the Shirley-Eustis House for entrusting us with the repair of these beautiful pieces of furniture - and history.

Media Talk: This Old House

This Old House Newton Project - image courtesy of PBS.org, photo by Anthony Tieuli

Heller Furniture has been tapped to create a custom kitchen banquette and several box cushions for the latest This Old House project in Newton, MA. Walter Heller and Tommy Silva meet to discuss the kitchen built-in banquette.

This beautiful old Victorian is a beehive of activity as they prepare to finish up the project in the next couple of months.

Watch the webcam and get a sneak peak!

For more photos of this amazing home - check out PBS.org.

Project interior design Abbey Koplovitz of AbbeyK, Inc., who brought us into the project, is showcasing this renovation on her blog On Interior Design. She includes images of her design boards and fabric samples and other interesting tidbits about the project.

And finally - the hardworking homeowners - Paul Friedberg and Maddy Krauss - are blogging on their experience here on Old House My House. Lots of interior shots are available!

This Old House Newton is currently airing on PBS stations around the country. Check your local listings and check back here for updates on our work on this exciting project!

Beacon Hill Trunk Show

We hosted a very fun designer event and luncheon yesterday. Devin Arbabi, sales rep for Beacon Hill / Robert Allen fabrics showed us their new fall lines of fabrics and trims. They are really beautiful and her enthusiasm is catching!

Thanks to all of the designers for taking time out of your schedules to come over and spend time with us and a big thanks to Devin for all your hardwork as well!

Slip on a slip cover

Here is a recent project just completed in the workroom. These slipper chairs were treated to fresh new fabrics and pillows.

Before

After (note, pillows actually for sofa)

Well tailored slipcovers can be the perfect option for furniture that is still in good shape structurally or if you want to be able to change the look with the seasons. A well made slipcover such as this is not necessarily a lot less expensive that a full reupholstery job, however. It takes a lot of hours and fittings to get the size just right. The desiger was able to specify such detailing as a banded hem and inverted pleats in a contrast color. Even the direction of the small stripe was discussed. A lot of work, but, as you can see, the outcome can be fabulous!

I'm ready for my closeup, Mr. Heller

Heller Furniture was tapped to make this beautiful upholstered headboard for the production of the new movie "The Women" , which is currently filming in Boston. Based on the Claire Boothe Luce satirical play about the idle lives of wealthy women and divorcees, the all-woman cast stars Meg Ryan, Candice Bergan, Eva Mendes,Annette Bening and Jada Pinkett-Smith.


The classic 1939 movie version starred Joan Crawford, Norma Shearer and Rosalind Russell.


Of course, we don't know which character will be lounging in the bed, but my bet is on Meg Ryan, the sweet but not that sweet woman who loses her husband to the conniving Eva Mendes, only to win him back. Much of the 1939 movie was set in this characters' bedroom.
We'll just have to wait and see. The movie is set for a 2008 release.